Cenozoic

Mesozoic

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Hamamit Formation

Hamamit Fm

Period:

Paleogene

Age Interval:

Oligocene

Province:
Sudan E

Type Locality and Naming

Red Sea coastal area of Sudan.

Reference section: Yagoub, 2007; Eltayib, 2016; Eltayib et al., 2019

[Figure 1. Index map of the Red Sea showing extent of the Red Sea Basin total petroleum system (from Lindquist, 1998).]

[Figure 2. Syn- and Post-Rift Red Sea Stratigraphy - Oligocene to Recent (from Lindquist, 1998)]

[Figure 3. Pre-Rift Red Sea Stratigraphy - Precambrian to Oligocene (from Lindquist, 1998).]

[Figure 4. Index map of the Red Sea region showing generalized geology and discussed locations (after Mitchell and others, 1992, extracted from Lindquist, 1998).]

[Figure 5. Lithostratigraphic Column of the Study Area (Modified After Eltayib, 2016, from Eltayib et al., 2019).]

[Figure 6. Stratigraphic column for the Sudanese Red Sea, based on surface geology and limited coastal exploration wells (after Bunter, 1989). Extracted from]

Lithology and Thickness

Brown to reddish sandstone with conglomerate, with basalt; ca. 250 m (Eltayib et al., 2019). It is a clastic sequence and volcanics below the Maghersum Gr which unconformably overlies The Basement Complex (Yagoub, 2007).

Lithology Pattern:

Coarse-grained sandstone

Relationships and Distribution

Lower contact

Unconformably overlies the pre-rift conglomerates, volcanics, and Precambrian Basement Complex (fig 2. of Elkareem et al., 2022).

Upper contact

Rudies Fm, unconformably

Regional extent

Red Sea coastal area of Sudan.

GeoJSON

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Fossils

Age

Oligocene

Age Span:

Beginning stage:

Rupelian

Fraction up in beginning stage:

0.00

Beginning date (Ma):

33.90

Ending stage:

Chattian

Fraction up in the ending stage:

1.0

Ending date (Ma):

23.04

Depositional setting

The depositional environment is terrestrial-lacustrine-estuarine-shallow-inner neritic (Yagoub, 2007). The initiation of rifting followed the Eocene- Oligocene boundary, so that the Hamamit Formation straddle the pre-and post-rifting events. The deposition of Hamamit Formation was followed by lower Miocene clastics sediment (Rudeis Fm) and lower-middle Miocene - Kareem Fm (Yagoub, 2007).

Depositional pattern:

Additional Information

Compiler:

Enam O. Obiosio, Solomon Joshua Avong and Henry Nasir Suleiman (2024) - Stratigraphic Lexicon compiled from the following publications:

Bunter, M.A.G. and Abdel Magid, A.E.M. (1989): The Sudanese Red Sea: New Development in Stratigraphy and Petroleum Geological Evolution. Jour. Petroleum Geology, 12: 145-166. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-5457.1989.tb00230.x

Elkareem, E.M.I.A., Osman, W.R., Ferguson, A.J., Warren, J.K. and Mohamed, N.E. (2022): New Evidence of the Holokinetic Sequences around Suakin-1 and -2 in the Sudanese Red Sea Area Using Integrated Geophysical Interpretation. International Journal of Geosciences, 13: 483-497. https://doi.org/10.4236/ijg.2022.136026

Eltayib, S.H.M.A., Abdelrahman, E.S.M., Ibrahim, A.S.M., Al-Imam, O.A.O.. (2019): Sedimentary petro graphic characteristics of Zeit Formation (Suakin-1 Well) in Sudanese Red Sea Basin. Int Jour Advanced Geosciences. 7: 10-17.

Yagoub, A.M. (2007): Preliminary sequence stratigraphy and tectonic evolution of the Tokar Delta, (Southern Sudanese Red Sea). Qatar Univ. Sci . J. 27: 85- 98.